Challenges of harmonizing energy efficiency and drinking water hygiene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66987/EPKO.2026.07Keywords:
drinking water hygiene, Legionella risk, drinking watenergy efficiency of domestic hot water systems, stagnant water network, legionella disinfection, stagnant water network,water supply system volume minimizationAbstract
Energy-efficiency improvements in building services systems are increasingly encouraging the use of domestic hot water (DHW) systems operating at lower temperatures; however, this may introduce new drinking water hygiene risks. The prevention of Legionella growth in DHW systems has traditionally relied on high storage and circulation temperatures, which involves significant energy consumption. Low-temperature heat supply systems and modern DHW production solutions necessitate the application of new hygiene strategies and require an integrated risk management approach.
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